Gifts to School Library Media Centers in Iowa

This study examines the donation and solicitation of gifts to school library media centers in Iowa. A questionnaire was used to collect data concerning numbers and types of donations, their sources, their disposal, reasons for their exclusion from collections, their perceived benefits, and whether a statement concerning gifts was included in the selection policy of the school library media center. Numbers of donations were found to be small. Fewer than five gifts per year were received by 66.l percent of the respondents. Gifts were usually materials donated by those closest to the daily operation of the school, particularly students, staff, and parents. Most of the gifts of materials (81.21 percent) were added to the collection. About two-thirds of the fifty-nine respondents indicated that they had used methods of soliciting gifts. Respondents indicated that gifts supplemented the budget, stimulated interest in the program, and provided useful materials. More than half of the selection policies included a statement concerning gifts, acknowledging potential public relations problems involving gifts although no such public relations problems were mentioned by the respondents

Biomechanical Response to Changes in Natural Turf during Running and Turning

publication-status: Publishedtypes: Article© Human Kinetics Inc, 2011Integrated biomechanical and engineering assessments were used to determine how humans responded to variations in turf during running and turning. Ground reaction force (AMTI, 960 Hz) and kinematic data (Vicon Peak Motus, 120 Hz) were collected from eight participants during running (3.83 m/s) and turning (10 trials per condition) on three natural turf surfaces in the laboratory. Surface hardness (Clegg hammer) and shear strength (cruciform shear vane) were measured before and after participant testing. Peak loading rate during running was significantly higher (p < .05) on the least hard surface (sandy; 101.48 BW/s ± 23.3) compared with clay (84.67 BW/s ± 22.9). There were no significant differences in running kinematics. Compared with the “medium” condition, fifth MTP impact velocities during turning were significantly (RM-ANOVA, p < .05) lower on clay (resultant: 2.30 m/s [± 0.68] compared with 2.64 m/s [± 0.70]), which was significantly (p < .05) harder “after” and had the greatest shear strength both “before” and “after” participant testing. This unique finding suggests that further study of foot impact velocities are important to increase understanding of overuse injury mechanisms

Biomechanical responses to changes in friction on a clay court surface

Objectives: To examine the influence of clay court frictional properties on tennis players’ biomechanical response. Design: Repeated measures Methods: Lower limb kinematic and force data were collected on sixteen university tennis players during 10 x 180° turns (running approach speed 3.9 ± 0.20 m.s-1) on a synthetic clay surface of varying friction levels. To adjust friction levels the volume of sand infill above the force plate was altered (kg per m2 surface area; 12, 16 and 20 kg.m-2). Repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni’s corrected alpha post-hoc analyses were conducted to identify significant differences in lower limb biomechanics between friction levels. Results: Greater sliding distances (ŋp2= 0.355, p = 0.008) were observed for the lowest friction condition (20 kg.m-2) compared to the 12 and 16 kg.m-2 conditions. No differences in ankle joint kinematics and knee flexion angles were observed. Later peak knee flexion occurred on the 20 kg.m-2 condition compared to the 12 kg.m-2 (ŋp2 = 0.270, p = 0.023). Lower vertical (ŋp2 = 0.345, p = 0.027) and shear (ŋp2 = 0.396, p = 0.016) loading rates occurred for the 20 kg.m2 condition compared to the 16 kg.m2. Conclusions: Lower loading rates and greater sliding distances when clay surface friction was reduced suggests load was more evenly distributed over time reducing players’ injury risks. The greater sliding distances reported were accompanied with later occurrence of peak knee flexion, suggesting longer time spent braking and a greater requirement for muscular control increasing the likelihood of fatigue

Boot-insole effects on comfort and plantar loading at the heel and fifth metatarsal during running and turning in soccer

Plantar loading may influence comfort, performance and injury risk in soccer boots. This study investigated the effect of cleat configuration and insole cushioning levels on perception of comfort and in-shoe plantar pressures at the heel and fifth metatarsal head region. Nine soccer academy players (age 15.7 ± 1.6 years; height 1.80 ± 0.40 m; body mass 71.9 ± 6.1 kg) took part in the study. Two boot models (8 and 6 cleats) and two insoles (Poron and Poron/gel) provided four footwear combinations assessed using pressure insoles during running and 180° turning. Mechanical and comfort perception tests differentiated boot and insole conditions. During biomechanical testing, the Poron insole generally provided lower peak pressures than the Poron/gel insole, particularly during the braking step of the turn. The boot model did not independently influence peak pressures at the fifth metatarsal, and had minimal influence on heel loads. Specific boot-insole combinations performed differently (P < 0.05). The 8-cleat boot and the Poron insole performed best biomechanically and perceptually, but the combined condition did not. Inclusion of kinematic data and improved control of the turning technique are recommended to strengthen future research. The mechanical, perception and biomechanical results highlight the need for a multi-faceted approach in the assessment of footwear

The Grizzly, September 26, 1980

Equipment Stolen From New Ritter Center • Conversion Eases Skyrocketing Utility Costs • Dean\u27s Office Discloses Frat GPAs • New Windows for NMD • New Spanish Lecturers Interviewed • IF, USGA to Sponsor Fall Picnic • Anderson Addresses College Crowd At Phila. Rally • College Invaded By World Of Technology • Draft Registration Closely Examined • Campus Grounds Receive Face Lift • Hamilton Presents Astronomy Discoveries • Try-outs for Trial by Jury • Weekends at Ursinus • Harriers Place 2nd At Lafayette Invitational • Grizzly Football Handled By W. Maryland • Sports Profile: Craig Walck • Field Hockey Finishes Week Undefeated • Strong Hitting By Bear V-Ball Outdoes Moravian • Offense Sputters As Bears Lose • Kreiger Powers Heathenshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1041/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, October 17, 1980

Clouser Organizes Medical Advisory Committee • Union Rules Out Greaseband This Year • Freshman Class Appointments Available • Education Department Optimistic About Jobs • New Profs Appointed In German, History Depts. • Parents\u27 Day Brings Campus Enthusiasm • Staiger Named for State Committee • College Offers Numerous Special Programs • Coffeehouse Of \u27Distant Admiration\u27 • Radio WRUC Making Slow Return • Forum Presents Tyler and Althea • Parents\u27 Day Sees Gym Dedication • SAC Approves Two New Clubs • \u27Gong Show\u27 Provides Friday Night Fun • College Bowl Season Officially Opens • Heathens Take Intramural Title • Booters Kick Del Valley • Women\u27s Volleyball Faces Tough Schedule • Football Finds Season\u27s First W • Hockey Raises Record To 6-1-3https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1044/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, October 3, 1980

Administration Focuses Attention On Pledging • Ritter Investigation Continues • Strangers Vandalize Beardwood Extinguishers • USGA Sponsors Alcohol Awareness Program • Women Experience the Excitement of Bid Day • College Disciplines Two Fraternities • Prof Appointed in Ec/BA • Photography Course Offered In Evening School • Values Education Examined By Committee • Candidates\u27 Platforms for Campus Elections • Classes of \u2781, \u2783 to Sponsor Gong Show • Album Review: Panorama: New View New Wave • Time Square Is Sheer Inspiration • Rush Returns to Philadelphia After Long Delay • Dingy Room Ideas Vol. II • Field Hockey Ties W&M; Beats Gettysburg • Volleyball Lookin\u27 Good • Awesome Widener Crunches Grizzlies • Sports Profile: Debbie Tweed • Cross Country Streak Alive • Despite 2-0 Loss, Booters Still Showing Promisehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1042/thumbnail.jp

The influence of tennis court surfaces on player perceptions and biomechanical response.

This study aimed to examine player perceptions and biomechanical responses to tennis surfaces and to evaluate the influence of prior clay court experience. Two groups with different clay experiences (experience group, n = 5 and low-experience group, n = 5) performed a 180° turning movement. Three-dimensional ankle and knee movements (50 Hz), plantar pressure of the turning step (100 Hz) and perception data (visual analogue scale questionnaire) were collected for two tennis courts (acrylic and clay). Greater initial knee flexion (acrylic 20. 8 ± 11.2° and clay 32.5 ± 9.4°) and a more upright position were reported on the clay compared to the acrylic court (P < 0.05). This suggests adaptations to increase player stability on clay. Greater hallux pressures and lower midfoot pressures were observed on the clay court, allowing for sliding whilst providing grip at the forefoot. Players with prior clay court experience exhibited later peak knee flexion compared to those with low experience. All participants perceived the differences in surface properties between courts and thus responded appropriately to these differences. The level of previous clay court experience did not influence players' perceptions of the surfaces; however, those with greater clay court experience may reduce injury risk as a result of reduced loading through later peak knee flexion

The effect of normal load force and roughness on the dynamic traction developed at the shoe-surface interface in tennis

During tennis-specific movements, such as accelerating and side stepping, the dynamic traction provided by the shoe-surface combination plays an important role in the injury risk and performance of the player. Acrylic hard court tennis surfaces have been reported to have increased injury occurrence, partly caused by increased traction that developed at the shoe-surface interface. Often mechanical test methods used for the testing and categorisation of playing surfaces do not tend to simulate loads occurring during participation on the surface, and thus are unlikely to predict the human response to the surface. A traction testing device, discussed in this paper, has been used to mechanically measure the dynamic traction force between the shoe and the surface under a range of normal loading conditions that are relevant to real-life play. Acrylic hard court tennis surfaces generally have a rough surface topography, due to their sand and acrylic paint mixed top coating. Surface micro-roughness will influence the friction mechanisms present during viscoelastic contacts, as found in footwear-surface interactions. This paper aims to further understand the influence micro-roughness and normal force has on the dynamic traction that develops at the shoe-surface interface on acrylic hard court tennis surfaces. The micro-roughness and traction of a controlled set of acrylic hard court tennis surfaces have been measured. The relationships between micro-roughness, normal force, and traction force are discussed. © 2013 The Author(s)